<p>Chlorhexidine is a broad-spectrum biocide effective against Gram-positive bacteria, Gramnegative bacteria and fungi. It has both bacteriostatic and bactericidal action, depending on its concentration. Chlorhexidine kills by disrupting the cell membrane. Upon application in vitro, Chlorhexidine can kill nearly 100% of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria within 30 seconds. Since Chlorhexidine formulations can destroy the majority of categories of microbes, there is limited risk for the development of opportunistic infections.<br />
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Chlorhexidine is cationic in nature and binds strongly to skin. Data relating to topical administration in neonates are limited. There are no data on metabolism of Chlorhexidine following topical administration.</p>