<p><strong>Paediatrics</strong>: For children a reduced dose based on body weight and surface area should be used. The dosage should be calculated for each patient individually and modified in accordance with the physician&#39;s experience and knowledge of the patient.<br />
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<strong>Geriatrics</strong>: A reduction in dosage may be necessary for elderly patients especially those with compromised cardiovascular and/or hepatic function. Where epidural administration is to be used, a small dose may provide sufficient anaesthesia<br />
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<strong>Impaired hepatic function</strong>: Although bupivacaine is metabolised by the liver, dosage reduction is probably not warranted. However, caution should be exercised with repeated doses.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
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<strong>Impaired renal function</strong>: Impairment of renal function is unlikely to affect bupivacaine clearance in the short term (up to 24 hours). However, toxicity due to accumulation may develop with prolonged or repeated administration.</p>